How do you reduce a person, or a group of people, to a data set? How do you predict how they will react in new circumstances?
This is part of the question posed by social sciences. As a highly interdisciplinary field, these include psychology, political science, and economics. A student may choose to specialize in any of these (or many others).
A key feature of all social sciences is, well, the scientific method. Social scientists make broad use of statistics and quantifiable data to understand and predict trends.
In addition, "soft" skills such as history are used to inform the broader context. People in this field tend to be generalists, avid readers, and good communicators. As they often deal with both hard facts and subjective opinions, strong analytical abilities are highly prized.